Part A — At the School Shop
Money problems use decimals to two places — the cents. Line up the decimal points when you add, and remember that change is what is left after subtracting the cost from the money handed over.
1
You buy one pen, one ruler and one book. What is the total cost?
Answer:
2
You pay for the three items in question 1 with a $20 note. How much change should you get?
3
A teacher buys 5 pens and 5 rulers for the class. What is the total? Show a quick way to work it out.
4
Can you afford it? You have $15. You want 2 books. Can you afford them? If not, how much short are you?
5
Best value. Pens are also sold in a pack of 3 for $12. Is the pack cheaper than buying 3 single pens? By how much per pen?
6
Open challenge. You have exactly $20 and must spend as close to all of it as possible (without going over) on these three items. List what you would buy and the total.
Part B — Discounts, Profit & Budgets
Financial maths is full of percentages: discounts reduce a price, profit is the difference between cost and selling price, and a budget checks that spending does not beat the money available.
1
A jacket is $80. In a sale it is 25% off. Find the saving and the sale price.
2
A market stall buys oranges for $0.40 each and sells them for $0.70 each. What is the profit on one orange? On 50 oranges?
3
Sam earns $12 pocket money each week. He saves ¼ of it. How much does he save in 8 weeks?
4
Budget. You are given $50 to plan a class party. Drinks cost $18, snacks $22, decorations $7. Do you have enough? How much is left over or how much extra is needed?
5
Compare deals. Shop A offers “20% off $50”. Shop B offers “$15 off $50”. Which is the better deal, and by how much?
6
Prove it. A shop raises a $100 item by 10%, then later takes 10% off the new price. Is the final price back to $100? Explain what happens.