Lesson 2 — Producers, Consumers and Food Chains 1 / 6

Every living thing needs energy to stay alive. But where does that energy come from, and how does it get passed around an ecosystem?

🌞 → 🌱 → 🦘 → 🦅

Almost all the energy in an ecosystem starts at the same place: the Sun.

  • The Sun sends light and heat energy to Earth.
  • Plants can capture the Sun's energy and use it to make their own food.
  • That energy then passes to animals when they eat.

A producer is a living thing that makes its own food using energy from the Sun. Producers are nearly always plants.

Examples of producers:

  • Grass
  • Gum trees
  • Banksia flowers
  • Seaweed

A consumer is a living thing that cannot make its own food, so it must eat other living things to get energy. Consumers are usually animals.

Some consumers eat plants: rock wallaby, honey possum, caterpillar.

Some consumers eat other animals: wedge-tailed eagle, fox, frog.

A food chain shows how energy passes from one living thing to the next. The arrow means "gives energy to" — so it always points towards the eater.

Sun Grassproducer Rock wallabyconsumer Wedge-tailed eagleconsumer

Your turn to be the scientist!

  1. In your group, make a paper-chain food chain using the living-thing cards. Each link is one part of the chain.
  2. Start with a producer. Keep everything in the same habitat.
  3. Check your arrows point towards the eater.
  4. Then complete the Building Food Chains worksheet on your own.